Category: Ask jay
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Dear jay,
I started working with my first client last year, and I have been so overwhelmed with projects they have given me, that whatever little record keeping I was doing, started sliding very quickly. I’ve got to the point where I’m depending on my client’s bookkeeper to alert me about outstanding invoices. Just last week, I got an overdue bill from a printer I have not paid as well. Then the next day, my client tells me I have double-billed them, and I’ve already spent the money!
Help! How do I get control of my finances?
Well, well, well … we are in a fine pickle aren’t we? As a designer you no doubt have all your design practices in place: Job bags/cards, backups , etc. As a business owner you also must have your administration processes in order, or as you have found, things get very messy, very easily.
1. Consult your accountant
No matter what country you live in, you must be able to explain your business transactions to your tax man. You’re required to keep records relating to income, expenditure and taxes. Being a sole trader will mean you have different obligations, than if you are a partnership, LLC or Pty Ltd company. Your accountant will advise on what records you need to keep as well as any other legal obligations you may have. Using accountants as book keepers, however, can be very costly for you and frankly, a waste of their time. So hand over organised records, not a shoebox!
2. Set up your procedure
Sit down with a pencil and paper and think about all the interactions you have with a client and other bodies that might generate a financial transaction: Invoicing and receiving payments from a client, recording bills and making payments for other services and transactions.
Are you going to bill clients monthly and/or ad hoc? How are you going to accept payments? How often are you going to visit the bank to deposit cheques? How often do you have to pay utilities? How are you going to pay them?
How do invoices relate to your job ticketing system? Is the invoice number going to be same as the job number? If it is, how do you identify part payments (eg deposits)?
Make a list of each of your weekly and monthly tasks and how long you think you will need to perform each one. Make sure you allow yourself time to complete each task, so that you are only dealing with paperwork once. For example, if you receive a client’s payment, you need to go get your copy of the invoice, enter the payment into your recording system, and file your invoice away: Not just scribble something on an envelope and chuck it in a drawer.
Make sure you set up a schedule that you know you can maintain. The aim here is to develop good habits while you are not too busy designing, so that once you are, you have a system in place. Consider hiring the services of a bookkeeper for a couple of hours to help you set up: Ask your accountant for a recommendation.
3. Get a diary
Now you know what you are going to do and when, set up your diary to record appointments, payment dates, document lodgement dates, etc. Backtrack and add reminders if there is work that you have to do to prior to any of your dates. Don’t forget to add in your personal appointments!
Whether it is a soft cover bound book or a PDA, you will need to take it with you everywhere, so get something portable.
Before giving a client a timetable for a project, look at your diary and make sure you are also taking into account your administration schedule. Clients will not be offended if you tell them that you will not be able to start on their project till a given date and time. You do not have to tell them that you have to do your banking!
4. Choose your system
Now that you have your schedule worked out, you can decide on your recording system. If you only need to calculate and lodge a tax return once a year, then you will probably find a simple cash transaction system will suit you just fine.
You could use a cash book with pages marked out for income and expenditure, an Excel worksheet or simple software like MS Money or Quicken. Make it as simple as possible, but make sure you are recording all the information about each transaction that your accountant has advised.
As your business grows, you may need more extensive software, such as QuickBooks or MYOB. These will also be appropriate if you find you want to track your receivables (money owed to you), payables (money you owe) or projected cash flows.
If you find that you really cannot (or do not want to) keep up, then consider hiring a book keeper. If you already have a system in place, they will find their job quicker and easier and therefore, less costly for you. Depending on the number of your transactions, you may only have to hire them for a few hours a month.
5. Visit your bank
Make an appointment to talk to an Accounts Manager at your bank regarding the kinds of accounts and services they offer to small businesses. Do not forget to ask about online and automatic banking systems. These can be real time savers and usually worth the small charges.
6. Keep an eye on changes
As a business owner, you need to stay abreast of changes in business laws and regulations: Ignorance is rarely accepted as an excuse. You do not have to become an expert or read all the business journals available at your book store. It could be as simple as glancing through the headlines of your local paper’s business section once a week or setting up a feed to their online version.
If you have any real concerns about an effect on your business, do not be afraid to contact your appropriate professional advisor.
7. Check out your tax man’s website
Believe it or not, you will find lots of helpful information in the small business section of your tax man’s website: Some examples USA: IRS, UK: IR or AUS: ATO. Great time savers are online lodgement and payment services: Your tax man should have a range of options from which to choose. Don’t forget to also check out the Money Matters sections in our Resources under M - N.
Good luck!
Until the next
Ask jay
